When it comes to new residential construction, windows are more than just design elements. They play a vital role in safety, energy efficiency, and the overall comfort of a home. Among all window types, egress windows hold a special place due to their role in emergency situations. This article will guide you through the types of windows suitable for new construction, code requirements, and why egress windows are critical for every home.
Types of New Construction Windows
Choosing the right window types for a new home construction project depends on various factors, including aesthetics, functionality, and compliance with building codes. Here are some popular types of windows used in new construction:
- Single-Hung Windows
- In single-hung windows, only the bottom sash (lower panel) moves up and down, while the top sash remains fixed. They are popular for their simplicity and energy efficiency and are often chosen for bathrooms, living areas, and bedrooms.
- Double-Hung Windows
- Double-hung windows have two operable sashes (top and bottom), providing better ventilation as both sashes can be opened. They are versatile and commonly used in bedrooms where egress requirements must be met since both sashes can be moved to create a large opening.
- Casement Windows
- Casement windows are hinged at the sides and open outward, typically using a crank. They provide excellent ventilation and are an ideal choice for egress windows due to the large, unobstructed opening they create. They are frequently used in basements and bedrooms.
- Sliding Windows
- Sliding windows open horizontally and can be a great choice for rooms where vertical space is limited. They provide a wide opening, which may satisfy egress requirements, depending on the size of the window.
- Awning and Hopper Windows
- Awning windows are hinged at the top and open outward, while hopper windows are hinged at the bottom and open inward. These types of windows are typically smaller and often do not meet egress requirements. They are best suited for bathrooms, basements, or as additional windows for ventilation.
Key Requirements for New Construction Windows
Windows in new construction homes must meet specific building code requirements to ensure safety, energy efficiency, and functionality. Here are the essential requirements to keep in mind:
- Egress Requirements: Windows in certain rooms, such as bedrooms and basements, must meet egress requirements to provide a safe escape route in emergencies.
- Energy Efficiency: Modern building codes emphasize energy-efficient windows to reduce heating and cooling costs. This includes low U-factor (thermal insulation) and Solar Heat Gain Coefficient (SHGC) ratings, especially for homes in various climate zones.
- Safety Glazing: Windows in specific areas, like near doors, bathtubs, or at low heights, require safety glazing to reduce the risk of injury from impact. Tempered or laminated glass is commonly used for safety glazing.
- Structural and Installation Standards: Windows must be properly installed with flashing and waterproofing to prevent leaks and maintain structural integrity.
Understanding Egress Windows and Their Importance
Egress windows are not just another building code requirement; they are a lifesaving feature in residential construction. These windows are required in specific rooms—primarily bedrooms and basements—to allow occupants a safe and accessible exit in case of fire or other emergencies. Egress windows also provide entry access for emergency responders, which can be critical in rescue situations.
Why Egress Windows Are Essential
- Safety in Emergencies
- In the event of a fire or other emergency, a properly sized and located egress window can provide an escape route for occupants. Since fires and emergencies can quickly block doors, having an alternative exit is crucial, especially in bedrooms and basements where people might be sleeping or otherwise unable to escape quickly.
- Accessibility for First Responders
- Egress windows make it easier for firefighters and other emergency personnel to enter the home to perform rescues. In the case of a basement bedroom or a second-story room, a compliant egress window allows for safer access.
- Compliance with Building Codes
- Most building codes, including the International Residential Code (IRC), mandate egress windows in bedrooms, basements, and habitable attics. Without these compliant windows, homeowners might face issues with inspection, certification, and insurance.
- Value Addition to Property
- Homes with compliant egress windows in every bedroom not only ensure safety but also appeal to potential buyers who value safety and code compliance. Real estate appraisers also consider building compliance when assessing home value.
Egress Window Requirements
The IRC sets forth specific criteria that egress windows must meet. While these standards are similar across the U.S., always check your local codes, as there may be variations. Here are the primary requirements for egress windows:
- Minimum Clear Opening Area
- Egress windows in bedrooms and basements must provide a minimum net clear opening area of 5.7 square feet (820 square inches). This is reduced to 5 square feet (720 square inches) if the window is on the ground floor.
- Minimum Width and Height
- The minimum clear opening width is 20 inches, and the minimum clear opening height is 24 inches. Note that these dimensions are for the clear opening itself, not the overall window size.
- Maximum Sill Height
- The window sill height must not be more than 44 inches from the finished floor. This ensures that the window is accessible for escape, especially for children and the elderly.
- Window Operation
- Egress windows must be operable from the inside without the use of keys, tools, or special knowledge. This means that any security bars or screens must also be operable without tools.
Types of Windows That Meet Egress Requirements
Several window types are suitable for use as egress windows in new construction. Here’s a breakdown of which types are commonly used:
- Casement Windows: Casement windows are an excellent choice for egress because they open fully outward, allowing maximum opening space. This type of window is often used in basements and other areas where egress compliance is essential.
- Double-Hung Windows: Double-hung windows are commonly used in bedrooms. When both sashes are open, they can meet egress requirements if the clear opening size is adequate.
- Sliding Windows: Large sliding windows can also meet egress standards, especially in rooms with limited vertical space. The operable sash must provide the required clear opening.
Energy Efficiency and Safety in Egress Windows
Aside from meeting egress requirements, windows in new construction should be energy-efficient and safe. Here’s what to look for:
- Low U-Factor and SHGC: Windows with a U-factor of 0.30 or lower and a low SHGC are recommended for energy efficiency. These ratings help maintain a stable indoor temperature, reducing the need for heating and cooling.
- Tempered Glass for Safety: In areas where the window glass may be subject to impact, tempered or laminated glass is recommended. This type of glass is less likely to shatter into sharp pieces, reducing the risk of injury.
Installing Egress Windows in Your New Construction Project
At Atlanta Turnkey Construction, we understand the importance of compliance, safety, and energy efficiency in residential windows. Our team is skilled in selecting and installing egress windows that meet all IRC and local code requirements, ensuring peace of mind for homeowners.
If you’re planning a new construction project in Atlanta or surrounding areas, reach out to us to discuss your window options. From casement and double-hung windows to energy-efficient glazing, we’ll help you choose and install windows that offer both safety and comfort.
Contact Atlanta Turnkey Construction for Expert Egress Window Installation
With years of experience in residential construction across the Atlanta area, Atlanta Turnkey Construction is your go-to partner for safe, compliant, and energy-efficient homes. Our team is well-versed in egress requirements, energy efficiency standards, and structural codes for all window types.
For more information on choosing the right windows for your new home construction project, contact Atlanta Turnkey Construction today. Let us ensure your home’s safety, comfort, and compliance from blueprint to final inspection.
